The Cannabis Industry Accounting and Appraisal Guide - Second Edition

A must-have for industry professionals and valuators alike.

Testimonials

What People Are Saying

 

“This book is an essential tool for every C Suite executive in the US Cannabis Industry – not just accounting and legal.  If you want to be fully prepared for the ever-changing landscape and structure of the US’s fastest growing sector – this book must be on your desk.  Personally, the first version prepared me for new CEO and Chairman roles and the volatility of the cannabis capital markets.  Now that we are seeing many young professionals transition to cannabis or a student starting their career in our industry - I highly recommend this book as a cornerstone of their learning.”

Ross Bevevino, Chairman & CEO, Mollitiam New Jersey LLC

“From entity selection to fundraising to tax and accounting to valuation, The Cannabis Industry and Appraisal Guide is a useful and easy to read “must have” reference for those interested in the cannabis industry. Take it from someone who has been in the cannabis industry over ten years.”

Tony Gallo, Managing Partner - Sapphire Risk Advisory Group

"Navigating the cannabis industry is like swimming with sharks. You have to know unique local, state, and national regulations. You have to ensure that your business is compliant at every turn. And one of the best ways to do this is to invest in a copy of The Cannabis Industry Accounting and Appraisal Guide. Be safe out there and rely on the expert advice of Seigneur, Clarke, and Udell."

Rob Mejia, Teaching Specialist, Stockton University, Cannabis Studies 

 

“I am a licensed attorney who spends more than 75% of his practice on cannabis law:  from helping companies obtain licenses to operate cannabis businesses in State’s where it is legal to facilitating nine-figure sales transactions to participating in the inevitable rising crescendo of shareholder oppression lawsuits.  With the plethora of issues that arise in this burgeoning industry, I always have the Cannabis Industry Accounting and Appraisal Guide within arms-reach.  It is my go-to source whenever I need to educate a client on; reliable methods of appraising the value of a cannabis company, options to consider when deciding how to structure a development-stage cannabis enterprise, or accounting methods to consider.  I would recommend this book to anyone considering becoming involved in the growing United States legal cannabis industry.”

Fruqan Mouzon, Esq., Partner, Fox Rothschild LLP

 “Anyone involved and especially new to the cannabis sector should have a copy of The Cannabis Industry Accounting and Appraisal Guide in their collection. In addition to covering accounting-related topics, it offers helpful information and resources on subjects unrelated to accounting, such as the industry's history, what makes it unique, and banking, all in an accessible way. It’s a go-to resource as I interact with clients.”

Marshall Ogen, VP of Business Strategy, Cannabis BPO

 

Table of Contents

The book, with 379 total pages, includes 13 chapters covering a wide range of practical topics that will be useful to anyone working in the cannabis space. 

Chapter 1: What is Cannabis?

Chapter 2: History and Regulation of Cannabis

Chapter 3: Why is the Cannabis Industry So Hot Today?

Chapter 4: Exploring Entity Structure Options

Chapter 5: Accounting and Bookkeeping Fundamentals

Chapter 6: Advanced Accounting Topics

Chapter 7: The Complicated World of Cannabis Taxation

Chapter 8:    The Approaches and Methods of Valuing a Cannabis Business

Chapter 9: Market Multiples in the Cannabis Industry

Chapter 10:  Start-up and Pre-Revenue Valuation in the Cannabis Industry

Chapter 11: Valuation Reports

Chapter 12: Unique Issues in Cannabis Appraisal

Chapter 13: Lost Profits

The extensive appendices include a summary of 17 landmark marijuana court cases, a sample chart of accounts, a sample risk assessment framework, a sample appraisal report, and a robust listing of where to find industry trade groups, on-line resources, education and conferences.  

Why is cannabis such a big deal?

The cannabis industry is undoubtedly the fastest-growing industry in the United States and has created one of the greatest business opportunities of the 21st century. Colorado-based cannabis research firm BDSA recently announced that U.S. marijuana sales eclipsed $17.5 billion, up from $12.1 billion in 2019. Worldwide, cannabis sales grew 48%, to nearly $21.3 billion. A large chunk of the increased sales in the U.S. came from established adult-use markets like California and Colorado, which combined for more than $1 billion worth of growth. Colorado cannabis sales grew 26% in 2020, to more than $2.1 billion. Adult-use cannabis comprised $1.7 billion of those sales, up from $1.4 billion in 2019, state records show. Brenden Kennedy, co-founder of Privateer Holdings, estimates the international market will reach $100 billion in ten years. It all began with California—the 7th largest economy in the world—when its citizens adopted Proposition 215 in 1996 which permitted the medical use of cannabis in the state.

As of first quarter 2021, 36 states have legalized medical use, and 16 states have legalized recreational use, meaning that a majority of Americans have access to marijuana, whether medically or recreationally. In fact, 95 percent of the U.S. population lives in a state with legal access to some form of cannabis, which includes the thirteen states where cannabinoid (CBD) oil is legal. A myriad of reforms and initiatives in the November 2020 election moved to enhance access and were generally met with approval at municipal and county levels in those states that already allow for medical and recreational access. These include increased access through home delivery, on-line ordering and curbside pick-up. The eventual lifting of the federal prohibition based on the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 will mean many producers no longer need to hide in the forest or in the basement of a rented home. In a post CSA landscape, competitive forces will continue to be front and center for many operators as state and local governments allow rapidly consolidating multi-state operators with access to sufficient capital to compete and grow on industrial-sized outdoor farms and, more importantly, to eventually engage in intrastate commerce.

With so many states legalizing various aspects of cannabis, it isn’t surprising that an Pew Research Center study conducted in September found that 67 percent of Americans feel cannabis should be legal, while 91 percent feel it should at least be legal for medicinal purposes. A decade ago, 32 percent of adults favored legalization and 60 percent opposed legalization. The legal, regulated side of the cannabis industry is a great example of how COVID-19 will bring about radical lasting change in how business generally is conducted. On-line ordering and curbside delivery protocols are part of a tidal wave of change allowing many cannabis retailers to be experiencing 2020 year to date sales well in excess of 2019 sales for another record setting year. Colorado, for example, reported its first month of regulated sales in excess of $200 million dollars for the month of July 2020. Moving the image of legal cannabis from illicit to essential has been huge and brought about changes that would not have happened nearly as quickly as they have in a post COVID-19 era.

Why should I invest in this guide?

 

The cannabis industry is booming, not only for the growers, producers, and sellers of cannabis but also for ancillary businesses such as software, lighting, packaging, security, growing products, accessories, and banking. Every type of cannabis business has unique characteristics that accountants and business appraisers should consider. For example, there is a growing amount of scrutiny related to the edibles segment concerning the consistency of portion potency, labeling, and related issues. There is also an increasing focus on the use of pesticides and fertilizers, resulting in the need for independent testing labs in support of the regulatory agencies that oversee license holders.

The cannabis industry is constantly evolving. There are varying and often conflicting rules at the federal, state, city, and county levels. Every state requires a license, but obtaining those licenses can be a very different process, depending on where you are, and the costs can be quite different. The complexities regarding this industry require the use of knowledgeable professionals, who are adequately trained and familiar with industry trends and protocols. As Certified Public Accountants who work regularly with a wide range of business and clients, nothing has come close to the intellectual challenges encountered when addressing issues and concerns in this niche.

The cannabis industry may be outside of the comfort zone for accountants, lawyers, valuation experts, consultants and potential investors, yet it can also open doors to a new client group that up until several years ago didn’t exist. The purpose of the Cannabis Industry Accounting and Appraisal Guide is to provide useful information about the unique financial aspects and intricacies related to businesses operating in the licensed and regulated cannabis industry.

The guide also presents everything a cannabis business owner needs to know about choosing a business structure; basic accounting; setting up an accounting system, taxes, how to avoid an audit, the basics of valuation, and how to build value into your business for the future

We’re here for you.

We will supplement this guide on a regular basis on this website, providing subscribers with value-added benefits, including updates on the latest developments in cannabis accounting and tax compliance, practical tools and guidance to be used for bookkeeping and accounting. We also aim to provide access to proprietary market data on industry transactions unavailable elsewhere.

Meet the Authors

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Ronald L. Seigneur, MBA, CPA/ABV, ASA, CVA

Ron is a senior Partner of Seigneur (pronounced “senior”) Gustafson LLP, based in Lakewood Colorado, where he is responsible for financial forensics, business and intellectual property valuation, practice management consulting and exit & succession planning services. He is a co-author of Financial Valuations: Applications and Models, published by John Wiley & Sons and Reasonable Compensation: Application and Analysis for Appraisal, Tax and Management Purposes, published by Business Valuation Resources.

Ron has been an adjunct professor at the University of Denver, College of Law and is currently an adjunct professor at the University of Denver Daniels College of Business where he teaches business appraisal classes. He has a BA from Michigan State University and an MBA from the University of Michigan. He is a fellow of the College of Law Practice Management and a frequent speaker and author on professional practice issues including leadership, cannabis industry matters, strategic planning, compensation and related topics. Ron is currently writing a children’s book on the Sayings of our Elders with his daughter, Chelsea and granddaughter, Zoe.

Ron can be reached at:

Ron.Seigneur@cpavalue.com or 303-980-1111

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Brenda M. Clarke, CPA/ABV/CFF, CVA

Brenda is the Managing Partner at the firm Seigneur Gustafson LLP, located in Lakewood, Colorado. Brenda is a Certified Public Accountant, as well as a Certified Valuation Analyst (CVA) with the National Association of Certified Valuators and Analysts. She also holds the AICPA specialty designations of Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV) and Certified in Financial Forensics (CFF). Ms. Clarke has over 20 years of professional experience working with professional service firms, restaurant owners and other closely held business clients on taxation, valuation and compliance issues. She is also an adjunct professor at the University of Denver Sturm College of Law where she teaches accounting for small legal practices and accounting for legal administrators.

Ms. Clarke has published numerous articles on taxation and business valuation related subjects and was the Chair of NACVA’s Litigation and Forensics Board. She was also on the AICPA Family Law Task Force as well as a board member of the Colorado Society of CPA’s Educational Foundation. She is a graduate of the University of Colorado Boulder where she earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration in 1993.

Brenda can be reached at:

Brenda.Clarke@cpavalue.com or 303-980-1111

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Stacey D. Udell, CPA/ABV/CFF, CVA

Stacey is the Director of Valuation and Litigation Services at HBK Valuation Group LLC for the Mid-Atlantic Region. Before focusing full time on valuation, litigation, and forensics work at HBK Valuation Group, she was a partner in a traditional accounting firm where she also provided accounting and tax services for individuals and closely-held businesses.

She is a co-author of Financial Valuations: Applications and Models, 2nd Edition, published by John Wiley & Sons, co-author of The Comprehensive Guide to Economic Damages, 4th Edition, published by Business Valuation Resources, and contributing author to BVR/AHLA Guide to Healthcare Industry Finance and Valuation, published by Business Valuation Resources. Stacey has a BS degree from the University of Delaware and is active in the American Institute of Public Accountants’ forensics and valuation services area.

Stacey can be reached at:

SUdell@hbkvg.com or 856-486-2299 x2823