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Genotype–environment correlation by intervention effects underlying middle childhood peer rejection and associations with adolescent marijuana use

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 December 2020

Kit K. Elam Open the ORCID record for Kit K. Elam [Opens in a new window] ,
Sierra Clifford ,
Ariana Ruof ,
Daniel S. Shaw ,
Melvin N. Wilson  and
Kathryn Lemery-Chalfant
Kit K. Elam*
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
Sierra Clifford
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
Ariana Ruof
Affiliation:
T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
Daniel S. Shaw
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Melvin N. Wilson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
Kathryn Lemery-Chalfant
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
*
Author for Correspondence: Kit K. Elam, Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, 1025 E. 7th St., Suite 116, Bloomington, IN47405, E-mail: kitelam@iu.edu.
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Abstract

Aggressive behavior in middle childhood can contribute to peer rejection, subsequently increasing risk for substance use in adolescence. However, the quality of peer relationships a child experiences can be associated with his or her genetic predisposition, a genotype–environment correlation (rGE). In addition, recent evidence indicates that psychosocial preventive interventions can buffer genetic predispositions for negative behavior. The current study examined associations between polygenic risk for aggression, aggressive behavior, and peer rejection from 8.5 to 10.5 years, and the subsequent influence of peer rejection on marijuana use in adolescence (n = 515; 256 control, 259 intervention). Associations were examined separately in control and intervention groups for children of families who participated in a randomized controlled trial of the family-based preventive intervention, the Family Check-Up . Using time-varying effect modeling (TVEM), polygenic risk for aggression was associated with peer rejection from approximately age 8.50 to 9.50 in the control group but no associations were present in the intervention group. Subsequent analyses showed peer rejection mediated the association between polygenic risk for aggression and adolescent marijuana use in the control group. The role of rGEs in middle childhood peer processes and implications for preventive intervention programs for adolescent substance use are discussed.

Keywords

gene–environment correlationmarijuana usemiddle childhoodpeer rejectiontime-varying effect modeling
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , February 2022 , pp. 171 - 182
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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